For the baby to grow normally and develop, its daily needs are 100cal-110cal / kg of body weight in the first year of life.
In the second year of life, 70cal / kg of body weight is needed.
Knowing that 1.5 ml of breast milk gives 1cal, then the required daily amount of breast milk is 150 ml of milk per kilo of body weight, while in the second year, the baby needs 105 ml of milk/kg of body weight.
This amount of calories is a need for metabolic processes, growth, muscle activity, and unintended physiological loss.
WATER
A typical baby needs 150 ml of water/kg of body weight per day.
Food composition:
a) Proteins are needed for the renewal and building of body tissue. Each protein’s nutritional value depends on the ratio of essential fatty acids it contains.
b) Fats are needed as sources of energy and as sources and drivers of fat-soluble vitamins. A, E, D
c) Carbohydrates – are needed as a source of energy. Too many carbohydrates can cause vomiting and diarrhea. Insufficient carbohydrates can lead to ketosis (the body, due to lack of glycogen in the tissue and produced from carbohydrates, will begin to consume fat (fatty acids) glycerol molecules will enter the process of lipolysis, and the body will start to use body fat in the absence of carbohydrates. During prolonged use of fats instead of carbohydrates as an energy source, acetyl-coal produced in the liver as an oxidation process will enter a process called the curbs cycle, create ketone bodies, and lead to ketosis.)
d) Vitamins: A, B, C, D serve to:
1) to maintain good health
2) Maintaining natural growth and development
3) Protection against diseases
4) They act as enzymes
e) Minerals-babies need more minerals than adults to grow normally. The main minerals needed for development are sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, chlorine, potassium, iron, calcium.
BREAST-FEEDING
All mothers are advised to feed their baby breast milk, that is, to breastfeed her, for multiple benefits.
1) Perfectly balanced natural food provides the baby with all the necessary ingredients for average growth and development.
2) Sterile-pure-no harmful microbes, no boiling of bottles and pacifiers.
3) Easily digestible
4) Soothes baby-helps natural growth and natural sleep
5) Increases the baby’s immunity
6) Whenever needed, there is
7) Cheap for parents
8) It supports uterine contractions, stops bleeding after childbirth, and regenerates the uterus, bringing it to the state before birth.
9) Gives emotional satisfaction to mother and baby.
CONTRAINDICATIONS OF BREASTFEEDING
1) Active pulmonary tuberculosis
2) Chronic nephritis, cancer, severe heart disease.
3) The second half of pregnancy (due to hormones that increase in pregnancy, prolactin will decrease, which affects milk production, and only sucking can lead to uterine contractions, which in turn can cause premature birth or abortion)
4) Baby allergy to breast milk
5) Recommendations of the doctor treating the mother or baby
HOW TO CARE FOR A BABY
During the first two weeks, you should feed the baby for two hours or if the needs require more often, after which breastfeeding is usually established for 3-4 hours or as needed by the mother and baby. Breastfeeding time is at least 20 minutes, 10 minutes on one breast and 10 minutes on the other breast or until the baby is satisfied. The baby should lie in a semi-raised position leaning on the mother’s forearm that holds the baby’s body and head. On the other hand, the mother has the breast from which the baby is sucking, taking care that the baby’s nose is open for unrestricted breathing. Under normal conditions, both breasts should be given alternately to the baby at each feeding.
You should take care during breastfeeding to ensure that the baby does not fall asleep. The mother should pull the nipple of the breast outwards – inside to make sure that the baby is sucking. During belching, and prevent gas-induced stomach cramps. The baby should be put to sleep on its side so that the milk enters the lungs, and the baby suffocates in case of vomiting.
SUFFICIENTLY NUTRITION BABY is calm, does not cry much, sleeps well, and generally looks good. The best indicator of a baby’s good nutrition is a constant increase in weight. A healthy, well-fed baby should gain from 100 = 120gr every three to four days on weight in the first four months. Measuring the baby’s weight over two to three days will show if the baby is getting enough milk.
NO BABY NUTRITION
If the mother does not have enough milk, the baby will cry constantly, will not sleep, the baby’s weight gain will be minimal or will not increase, and weight loss may occur. There will be a problem with emptying the intestinal contents (the stool may be green which is a sign of hunger)—swallowing air while crying can cause more vomiting and more significant weight loss.
OVER FOOD OF A BABY can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss, or obesity with all its problems.
NOTES
A breastfeeding mother must read the instructions that came with the medicine or consult a pediatrician about the medicine’s safety before using any medication and the effect the drug may have on the baby.
Large amounts of alcohol, coffee, and tea in the mother’s diet can affect the baby because they are excreted in milk.
Smoking is very harmful because nicotine is excreted in milk, and the baby eats it.
WHAT TO ADD TO BREAST’S MILK?
At the end of the first month, you should start giving AD drops or better natural fish oil, and vitamin C. Vitamin c is best shown in the form of freshly squeezed lemon or orange, first a few drops and then increase the amount every day. Lemon is packed into the water until you can give the oranges half a teaspoon at first until it comes to the juice of one whole orange. Iron should be included at the end of the second month, and it is best to behalf and then one teaspoon of freshly squeezed organically grown green vegetables that do not contain pesticides. You can also give newly pressed apple juice without pesticides to babies at the end of the second month.
The most crucial thing in a baby’s diet is to give everything that is not breast milk 1/4 teaspoon on the first day and then increase it every day by a quarter of a teaspoon, following very carefully how the baby reacts to what you have given her. NEVER give two new things in food. Let the baby always get only one fresh food so that there is a reaction to the food to know what it is from. The problem of today is not food but food poisoning, and although you will buy something organic, it will still contain pesticides, and that is what it will baby to react. It would be ideal for giving your baby freshly squeezed fruit juices from the second month. Still, if you can’t afford as much pure fruit that is not contaminated with pesticides and fertilizers, you better leave your baby to breastfeed only if you have enough milk and start feeding later. It would be good to give the baby a boiled, mashed apple in the third month, and she will be thrilled to eat it, be careful to start slowly with the piggy bank on the first two days and follow the baby’s reaction. It would help if you did all this in agreement with the pediatrician.
